How I do things

Learning to speak better

Microsoft ported its PowerPoint Speaker Coach to Teams. Since September, it’s given me suggestions covering 11 hours in 77 calls (I speak ~10 min/call.)

I say “uhh” a lot. That’s intentional

I use the filler word “uhh” in 70% of my calls. That did not surprise me. I do that intentionally.

  1. On a poor network, they know I’m still connected
  2. They know I’m going to say something
  3. I sound less confident. That invites critique I can learn from

But I also use filler words like “You know” and “I mean” in half the calls, and “like”, “actually”, and “basically” in a fifth. That’s NOT intentional, and I’ll be conscious.

Filler words% of calls# / call
uhh70%3.6
You know48%2.4
I mean43%2
like22%1.4
actually19%1
basically18%1.2
anyway14%1.1
hmm16%1.1
umm9%1.4
ah4%1.3

I say “maybe” a lot. That’s surprising

What did surprise me was “maybe“. I use it every fourth call, but when I do, I say “maybe” ten times per call. That’s a lot of maybe!

Sometimes, I say maybe because I’m communicating uncertainty.

Maybe we’ll have 20-30% success rate…

So and I had to switch 3 laptops or maybe 4.

… then she said, “OK, maybe it’s some other Sam”

Sometimes I’m proposing tentatively.

… one of the reasons why I’m nudging towards that is maybe a large reuse initiative is high return,

We can even put this in as part of the project by maybe offering it to different teams…

Maybe by having dedicated support…

Maybe I’ll drop off. Bye

But sometimes, it’s testable hypotheses.

Uh, maybe I’m getting the names wrong, but I think it was Socrates…

Maybe it’s me, but yeah, I guess…

You know, maybe it’s because I don’t store any of my stuff in…

One of my year’s goals is to run 50 experiments. I’d been doing well until April, and then fizzled out. Partly motivation. Partly a lack of testable hypotheses.

And now, in October, I discovered that I literally speak out one testable hypothesis every call — roughly every 10 minutes I speak! I’m amazed at how blind I’ve been, and how easy it can be to find experiments to test. I guess I need more of a scientific mindset. (Or just plain curiosity.)

The next time I say, “maybe” (or see it in my transcript), I’ll write it down as a hypothesis to test.

Repetitive words cluster

Another discovery was: I tend to pick a phrase and use it repeatedly in calls. For example, I said “let’s say” twelve times in just one call of 15 minutes. I said “main” 20 times over 2 calls of 8 minutes each. I said “cool” 7 times in an 11-minute call.

Repetitive word# calls# / call
lets say112
main210
also18
only27.5
correct77.4
in terms of17
alright36.3
that is36
cool25

Clearly it’s something to watch out for. But maybe repetition of words isn’t a bad thing if it’s not the same phrase repeated across calls? (There! I said “maybe”. Let me find out!)

Modulate the pace

In a third of my calls, I need to speed up. In a third of my calls, I need to slow down. (On some calls, I need to do both!)

Clearly, I need to vary my pace a lot more, consciously. It’s not that I talk fast or slow. I do both. But I get stuck in one mode of speaking for too long.

Takeaways

I used to think I was a pretty good speaker. That’s not a bad thought, but it can blind me to feedback and improvements. There’s no end to learning how to speak. Speaker Coach is a great “in-your-face” feedback mechanism. I hope Microsoft adds more features to it.

But what I’m going to do now is:

  1. Every time I say “maybe”, write down an experiment
  2. Speed up and slow down more in calls
  3. Watch for words I use repeatedly

Singapore Central Business District at Dusk

Moving to Singapore

My family and I relocated to Singapore today.

Most of my major life decisions have involved the distance from Chennai.

In 1992, I wanted to study physics at IIT Kanpur or Kharagpur. My father erased the choices from my admission form and calmly said, “Tick anything in Chennai.” I ticked everything except Chemical Engineering. Prof Kalyanakrishnan saw my rank, said “You’ll get Chemical Engineering”, and ticked it for me. No one heard me say, “But I don’t like Chemical Engineering.”

In 1996, I got job offers from Ramco Systems, Chennai and IBM, Bangalore. I chose IBM partly because my mother said, “Move out of Chennai, else you’ll live in your father’s shadow.”

In 1999, I got offers from IIM Ahmedabad and Bangalore. I picked Bangalore. “You’re declining the best IIM?” my couseller asked. But it was far from Chennai.

In 1999, I lost a scholarship and was insecure during the internship interviews. I accepted my first offer (from Lehman Brothers), though it was in Tokyo. “Well, you’ve already accepted. All the best,” my father said that evening with concern.

In 2000, I declined Lehman Brothers’ pre-placement offer. Tokyo’s too far from Chennai. (60 days of Subway‘s Veggie Delight didn’t help.)

In 2001, my matrimonial profile mentioned just 2 things: “He likes curd rice and plans to settle in Chennai.” My wife, Shobana, ignored it. She had other plans.

By 2005, she convinced me to move to the US or Europe. London’s physically and spiritually closer to Chennai than New York or Seattle. So I joined Infosys Consulting in London.

By 2011, I’d had enough. After 2 months of careful planning, I walked home and told Shobana, “I lost my job. Please don’t tell anyone. Let’s go back to India.” We left 2 weeks later to join Gramener.

In 2019, I attended Landmark’s Forum and told Shobana I’d tricked her. (She didn’t speak to me for a day.) We decided to move again. Not the US or Dubai. Singapore’s physically and spiritually closer to Chennai. She spoke to my father, who was OK to move too.

COVID slowed things down (thankfully), but in 2022, my daughter would start Class 11. That’s a logical time to shift.

So as of 1 Aug 2022, we’re in Singapore as a family. At least for 2 years, until my daughter starts college. After that, let’s see.

Old songs in my music library

My music library has around 1,000 songs (mostly Tamil and Hindi, with some Telugu and English film songs).

I spent this morning tagging them by year with mp3tag. (Manually. You don’t automate the pleasures of life.)

I thought my 1990s collection would be the largest. I was in college, listening to lots of music then. But surprisingly, my collection has grown post the 1990s.

I have 3 guesses why.

  1. Recency bias. I re-built this collection recently. Maybe I forgot older songs?
  2. Digitization bias. Maybe I listened to more songs as the cost of transmission/storage fell?
  3. Worsening standards. Maybe I used to be choosier about music?

Though I’m not sure of the above, there’s another interesting anomaly.

There is a spike in the 1960s.

I don’t need to guess this one. I know why. Those are the songs my parents liked. I grew up hearing them.

The oldest song Tamil song is from Thiruneelakantar (1939). It’s from my father’s collection. I’ve heard it often enough to still enjoy it.

The oldest Hindi song is from Jaal (1952). He has a fondness for Dev Anand’s songs. So do I. This one is a beauty.

The oldest Tamil song my mother introduced me to is from Parasakthi (1952). She used to dance to this song when young.

The earliest Hindi song she introduced me to was from Jhanak Jhanak Payal Baaje (1955). It’s the song I grew up on, and it’s still among my favorites. What a melody!


My wife prefers newer songs. But I have low standards and few preferences. It makes my life rather happy.

So, in celebration of Make Music Day on 21 June, I’m treating myself to 2 weeks of my collection from the 1960s!

PS: My full collection is at https://gist.github.com/sanand0/877637165b17239aa27beac03749c9a6

10 years later

On 12 Jan 2012, on a flight back from London, I wrote:

… it was clear in my mind. I would be an entrepreneur. I would create a small company that would probably fold. Then I’d do it again. And again, 10 times, because 1 in 10 companies survive. And finally, I’d be running a small business that’d be called successful by virtue of having survived. A modest, achievable ambition that I had the courage for.

10 years later, Gramener successively crossed 10 employees, 10 clients, 10 years, $10 mn and is on its way to 10 offices.

We just opened a new office at Hyderabad.

I have the same request as 10 years ago.

It’s scary but exciting. Wish me luck!

Increasing calendar effectiveness by 2X

I took a 2022 goal to be 10X more effective. In Jan, I managed 2X. Here’s how.

What is effectiveness?

I don’t know. I’m figuring it out.

But to start off, I measured the number of people my actions directly impact. For example:

Clearly, the impact is not equal. But it’s a start.

How to measure it?

Since Dec 1, I categorized all my Outlook calendar entries into one of these categories:

Red is “low reach”. Green is “high reach”. This is what 6-10 Dec 2021 looked like:

I continued this for 8 weeks.

Did effectiveness increase?

In Week 1, I reached 30 people on average. This was the control week.

In Weeks 2-3, the reach increased from 30 to 77. In Weeks 4-8, it settled at 64.

So, yes, effectiveness increased. in Jan 2022, I reached twice as many people per week as when I started off.

I didn’t measure quality/impact. One-on-one coaching has more impact than a lecture. Reach is just a crude first approximation for effectiveness.

How did this happen?

What gets measured, improves. I’d categorize each entry on my calendar. This enabled 3 things:

  1. I’d try to remove low-reach (<50 reach – red) items. This reduced rom 45 to 29 hours a week.
  2. I’d try to add high-reach (>= 50 reach – green) items. This increased from 12 to 18 hours a week.

So, I now have 10 more hours of “me time” every week, while I still reach 2X as many people.

What next?

I’m exploring better measures of effectiveness. I believe:

  • Effectiveness is goal alignment. It’s personal, and purely a function of your priorities.
  • Effectiveness is multipled by assets. Actions that create assets improve effectiveness.

Once I discover a robust measure, I will to re-categorize my calendar and re-run this experiment.

If you use a measure of effectiveness of impact, please let me know — I’d love to learn from that.

My Year in 2021

In 2021, I made 3 resolutions.

  1. Lose 10 kgs. I lost 5 kg in 3 months. But gained it back by the year-end.
  2. Fail big. I practiced confronting people – and failed. I still run from fights. Even when important.
  3. Calendar integrity. I stuck to my calendar 90% of the time. But personal commitments slipped.

On learning, I discovered network clusters. My PyCon talk on movie networks is the start of a fascinating exploration of actors that I’ll write more about.

On training, I designed a Tools for Data Science Course for IITM’s Bachelor’s in Data Science. I’m now a “faculty” at my alma mater, and no longer scared of it.

On self-improvement, I completed a Landmark course and continued Pranayama. Both helped my resolutions.

I also continued 2 habits from last year.

  1. Walk 10,000 steps daily. I averaged 10,200.
  2. Read 50 books. I read 52. Here are my reviews. (Which did you like? What would you recommend?)

In 2022, I plan to:

  1. Run 50 experiments. I’ll learn by disproving my beliefs with measurable tests.
  2. Speak at 10 global forums on data stories, and spread the beauty of data.
  3. Be 10X more effective. I’ll measure the impact and stop low-impact work.

I’m curious — what’s ONE thing you’d like to do in 2022?

Books in 2021

On my Goodreads 2021 reading challenge, I read 52/50 books in 2021. I managed 47/50 in 2020 (see 2020 reviews) and 26/24 in 2019.

Here’s what I read (best books first).

Mind-blowing

  1. The Almanack of Naval Ravikant. It’s the best non-fiction I’ve read in 5 years. It focuses Wealth and Happiness. It’s short. I finished it in a day. But it’s deep. I can spend a decade practicing just a single sentence. It’s available at navalmanack.com as a free e-book and audio book.
  2. Rhythm of War. The 4th book of the Stormlight Archives is an action-packed fantasy. A great gift for teenagers. In an extra-ordinary magic system, Brandon Sanderson builds up to the greatest climax I’ve read. What an ending!
  3. Death Note #1-#12. Light Yagami gets hold of a “death note”. If he writes a name on it, they die. “L” is out to catch him. In a cat-and-mouse psychological thriller, Light and L work next to each other, share their plans, and still try to outwit the other. It’s like chess. The pieces are visible. But it’s the strategy that counts. A brilliant comic series.

Life-changing

  1. Atomic Habits. A systematic, well-researched approach to creating (and stopping) habits that last. It’s the best “Habits” book in the market right now..
  2. Being Mortal. A thoughtful, practical guide on dealing with old age. Must read for those with aging parents. It helps that Atul Gawande is a great storyteller and draws from his personal experiences.
  3. Originals. Teaches you how to be more creative and take risks safely. If Creativity Inc inspired you, this book is a way to build Pixar’s magic into your teams. An easy-to-read piece by Adam Grant, backed by solid research.
  4. Combatting Cult Mind Control. The gold-standard in knowing when someone’s in a cult, and how to escape the cult. Opened up a whole new world for me.
  5. Rich Dad Poor Dad. Teaches you to make money work for you rather than you working for money. I was shocked when I realized that the middle class buys liabilities (a house to live in) while the rich buy assets (a house to rent out).
  6. Think Again. Teaches you how to stop fooling yourself and avoid blindspots by checking your assumptions, enjoy learning from mistakes, and open up people’s minds — especially your own. Yet another easy-to-read piece by Adam Grant, backed by solid research.
  7. Influence. A research-backed guide on the science of influencing people subconsciously. Reciprocity, consistency, social proof, authority, scarcity — these are signals we react to unknowingly.
  8. Dawnshard. Book #3.5 of the Stormlight Archives. A handicapped shipowner and her winged reptile pet travel to a mysterious island that no one returns from. With a typical Brandon Sanderson climax that moves this from “interesting” to “life changing”.
  9. From Data to Stories. The first & only comic data story book, with step-by-step cricket analysis explained by comic characters. This was written by Gramener’s Story Labs team using Comicgen characters.

Interesting

  1. The First Law #1-#3. Joe Abercrombie. A wizard assembles 3 flawed heroes for a quest.
  2. Shoe Dog. The Nike founder story.
  3. Skin In The Game. On accountability & commitment.
  4. That Will Never Work. The Netflix co-founder story.
  5. Sycamore Row. John Grisham. An old man’s will leaves everything to his servant.
  6. A Time To Kill. John Grisham. An African American’s on trial for murdering his daughter’s rapists.
  7. The Psychology of Money. How to make money work for you than the other way around.
  8. Detective William Warwick #2-#4. Jeffrey Archer. More adventures from Dt. Warwick.
  9. Zoom. A wordless book that zooms out on every successive page, and nothing is what it appears.

Readable

  1. The Goblin Emperor. Katherine Addison. A Goblin half-son inherits the throne and political intrigue.
  2. A Time for Mercy. John Grisham. An African American kid’s on trial for shooting a cop.
  3. The Rithmatist. Brandon Sanderson. In a world where chalk drawings come to life, a student investigates murders.
  4. Karna: The King of Anga. Kevin Missal. A fictionalized story of how Karna re-takes the kingdom of Anga against Jarasandha.
  5. Asterix #34-#38. The latest adventures of Asterix & Obelix, the gauls.
  6. Infinity Blade #1-#2. Brandon Sanderson. Deathless immortals battle each other, and discover their origins.
  7. Old Man’s War. John Scalzi. Senior citizens are given a physical boost and sent to fight aliens.
  8. Measure What Matters. The definitive guide on how to use OKRs (Objectives & Key Results).
  9. The Maze Runner #1-#3. Kids escape from a maze prison and discover why they were there.

How I read books

  1. Select. I add book recommendations on my GoodReads – to read list. Then I sort by rating and pick the first one I like to read.
  2. Listen. I listen to non-fiction audiobooks during walks.
  3. Read: I read fiction as ePUBs on my laptop or phone.
  4. Stop: I stop reading books that are boring, with no guilt. I’ve better things to do.

Picking gifts is hard

What do you pick for someone you don’t know well enough?

I generally pick books. I know books well enough to match them to people’s personalities. Even if they’re not a book reader. (The risk is that they might have already read the book.) As for the kids, toys like the tiny tower diy playhouses for sale would bring them so much joy.

The other safe item is food. Chocolates, dry fruits, etc. Everyone likes them. (Even if they’re dieting, dry fruits and dark chocolates are fine.)

Beyond that, it’s a hard problem.

I went through some popular gift choices. There are a few good ideas there, but very few safe bets. For example:

  • A Tortoiseshell Face Mask Chain. What’s that?
  • A stress relief ball or perhaps other stress-relieving products from sites like CBD UK. Hmm… not a bad idea, actually.
  • A notebook. Except that I stopped writing in 2001.
  • A USB rechargeable lighter. But who do I know that smokes, whom I want to encourage?
  • A purse. I’ve never bought one in my life. My wife never likes the ones I point to. So…
  • A hot water flask. Again, not a bad idea, actually.

… and the lists go on.

But most gifts I receive for my talks are promotional.

  • Plaques or certificates. Some people put these up in their cabin. I don’t have a cabin.
  • Branded photo frames. I don’t have photos either.
  • Company-branded USB car USB charger socket. I don’t drive much.
  • Their book or brochure. I’ve either already read it or never will.

If they’re wrapped in bubble wrap, I throw away the gift and pop the bubble wrap with my daughter.

So I just added a section to my talks page.

“If you want to send gifts, I only accept dry fruits.”

Cyborg scraping

LinkedIn has a page that shows the people who most recently followed you.

At first, it shows just 20 people. But as you scroll, it keeps fetching the rest. I’d love to get the full list on a spreadsheet. I’m curious about:

  1. What kind of people follow me?
  2. Which of them has the most followers?
  3. Who are my earliest followers?

But first, I need to scrape this list. Normally, I’d spend a day writing a program. But I tried a different approach yesterday.

Aside: it’s easy to get bored in online meetings. I have a surplus of partially distracted time. So rather than writing code to save me time, I’d rather create simple tasks to keep me occupied. Like scrolling.

So here’s my workflow to scrape the list of followers.

Step 1: Keep scrolling all the way to the bottom until you get all followers.

Step 2: Press F12, open the Developer Tools – Console, and paste this code.

copy($$('.follows-recommendation-card').map(v => {
  let name = v.querySelector('.follows-recommendation-card__name')
  let headline = v.querySelector('.follows-recommendation-card__headline')
  let subtext = v.querySelector('.follows-recommendation-card__subtext')
  let link = v.querySelector('.follows-recommendation-card__avatar-link')
  let followers = '', match
  if (subtext) {
    if (match = subtext.innerText.match(/([\d\.K]+) follower/)) {
      followers = match[1]
    } else if (match = subtext.innerText.match(/([\d\.K]+) other/)) {
      followers = match[1]
    }
  }
  followers = followers.match(/K$/) ? parseFloat(followers) * 1000 : parseFloat(followers)
  return {
    name: name ? name.innerText : '',
    headline: headline ? headline.innerText : '',
    followers: followers,
    link: link ? link.href : ''
  }
}))

Step 3: The name, headline, followers and link are now in the clipboard as JSON. Visit https://www.convertcsv.com/json-to-csv.htm and paste it in “Select your input” under “Enter Data”.

Step 4: Click on the “Download Result” button. The JSON is converted into a CSV you can load into a spreadsheet.

I call this “Cyborg scraping“. I do half the work (scrolling, copy-pasting, etc.) The code does half the work. It’s manual. It’s a bit slow. But it gets the job done quick and dirty.

I’ll share later what I learned about my followers. For now, I’m looking forward to meetings 😉

PS: A similar script to scrape LinkedIn invitations is below. You can only see 100 invitations per page, though.

copy($$('.invitation-card').map(v => ({
  name: (v.querySelector('.invitation-card__title') || {}).innerText || '',
  link: v.querySelector('.invitation-card__link').href,
  subtitle: (v.querySelector('.invitation-card__subtitle') || {}).innerText || '',
  common: (v.querySelector('.member-insights__count') || {}).innerText || '',
  message: (v.querySelector('.invitation-card__custom-message') || {}).innerText || '',
})))

PS: A similar script to scrape LinkedIn people search results is below.

copy($$('.entity-result').map(v => {
  const name = v.querySelector('.entity-result__title-text [aria-hidden="true"]');
  const link = v.querySelector('a');
  const badge = v.querySelector('.entity-result__badge [aria-hidden="true"]');
  const title = v.querySelector('.entity-result__primary-subtitle');
  const subtitle = v.querySelector('.entity-result__secondary-subtitle');
  const summary = v.querySelector('.entity-result__summary--2-lines');
  const insight = v.querySelector(".entity-result__simple-insight-text");
  return {
    name: name?.innerText || '',
    link: (link?.href || '').split('?')[0],
    badge: badge?.innerText || '',
    title: title?.innerText || '',
    subtitle: subtitle?.innerText || '',
    summary: summary?.innerText || '',
    insight: insight?.innerText || '',
  }
}))

Designing Complex Shapes in PowerPoint

I use PowerPoint instead of Adobe Illustrator or Sketch. I’m familiar with it, and it does everything I need.

One of the features I’m really excited by in PowerPoint is the ability to manipulate shapes.

Let’s say you have a rectangle and a circle. You can select both of these shapes and in the Shape Format > Merge Shapes dropdown, you can:

  • merge them with a union
  • combine them (like an XOR operation in Boolean algebra)
  • fragment them, which breaks them up into pieces
  • intersect them
  • subtract them

This is so powerful that you can create any kind of shape. Let’s take an icon from Font Awesome at random — say an address card — and create it.

Here’s the video of the process. I’ll explain it step-by-step below.

First, let’s take a screenshot of this and copy it into PowerPoint.

Now let’s draw over this. So we’ll start with a rounded rectangular box with the same color as the address card. We can use the eyedropper to pick the right color. Remove the outline. Then match the edges as closely as you can. (Add a bit of transparency so you can see through it — that helps match edges closely.)

Move this card boundary to a new page.

Now, on top of the original image we copy-pasted from Font Awesome, trace 3 rounded rectangles for the address lines. Trace a circle over the head. Fill them white. Remove the outline. It should look like these.

Next, let’s create the body. We’ll create a rounded rectangle that matches the bottom half of the body, another that matches the top half of the body, and intersect them, like this:

Then, draw a large circle around the head and subtract it from the body, like this:

Finally, copy all these shapes over the card boundary on the next page. Select the card boundary first. Then select these copied shapes (3 address lines, head, and bust). Select Shape Format > Merge Shapes > Subtract.

With that, we have a single shape that contains the entire address card. The white areas are transparent.

You can download the Merge-Shapes.pptx file below with each of the steps.

Like I said, I don’t bother with Adobe Illustrator or Sketch. PowerPoint does it all for me 😊.