JPath - XPath for Javascript

XPath is a neat way of navigating deep XML structures. It's like using a directory structure. /table//td gets all the TDs somewhere below TABLE.

Usually, you don't need this sort of a thing for data structures, particularly in JavaScript. Something like table.td would already work. But sometimes, it does help to have something like XPath even for data structures, so I built a simple XPath-like processor for Javascript called JPath.

Here are some examples of how it would work:

jpath(context, "para")	returns context.para
jpath(context, "*")	returns all values of context (for both arrays and objects)
jpath(context, "para[0]")	returns context.para[0]
jpath(context, "para[last()]")	returns context.para[context.para.length]
jpath(context, "*/para")	returns context[all children].para
jpath(context, "/doc/chapter[5]/section[2]")	returns context.doc.chapter[5].section[2]
jpath(context, "chapter//para")	returns all para elements inside context.chapter
jpath(context, "//para")	returns all para elements inside context
jpath(context, "//olist/item")	returns all olist.item elements inside context
jpath(context, ".")	returns the context
jpath(context, ".//para")	same as //para
jpath(context, "//para/..")	returns the parent of all para elements inside context

Some caveats:

• This is an implementation of the abbreviated syntax of XPath. You can't use axis::nodetest
• No functions are supported other than last()
• Only node name tests are allowed, no nodetype tests. So you can't do text() and node()
• Indices are zero-based, not 1-based

There are a couple of reasons why this sort of thing is useful.

• Extracting attributes deep down. Suppose you had an array of arrays, and you wanted the first element of each array.
  
  You could do this the long way:

  for (var list=[], i=0; i < data.length; i++) {
      list.push(data[i][0]);
  }
  

  ... or the short way:

  $.map(data, function(v) {
      return v[1];
  })

  But the best would be something like:

  jpath(data, "//1")
  

• Ragged data structures. Take for example the results from Google's AJAX feed API.

  {"responseData": {
   "feed": {
    "title": "Digg",
    "link": "http://digg.com/",
    "author": "",
    "description": "Digg",
    "type": "rss20",
    "entries": [
     {
      "title": "The Pirate Bay Moves Servers to Egypt Due to Copyright Laws",
      "link": "http://digg.com/tech_news/The_Pirate_Bay_Moves_Servers_to_Egypt_Due_to_Copyright_Laws",
      "author": "",
      "publishedDate": "Mon, 31 Mar 2008 23:13:33 -0700",
      "contentSnippet": "Due to the new copyright legislation that are going ...",
      "content": "Due to the new copyright legislation that are going to take...",
      "categories": [
      ]
     },
     {
      "title": "Millions Dead/Dying in Recent Mass-Rick-Rolling by YouTube.",
      "link": "http://digg.com/comedy/Millions_Dead_Dying_in_Recent_Mass_Rick_Rolling_by_YouTube",
      "author": "",
      "publishedDate": "Mon, 31 Mar 2008 22:53:30 -0700",
      "contentSnippet": "Click on any \u0022Featured Videos\u0022. When will the insanity stop?",
      "content": "Click on any \u0022Featured Videos\u0022. When will the insanity stop?",
      "categories": [
      ]
     },
     ...
    ]
   }
  }
  , "responseDetails": null, "responseStatus": 200}
  

  If you wanted all the title entries, including the feed title, the choice is between:

  var titles = [ result.feed.title ];
  for (var i=0, l=result.feed.entries.length; i<l; i++) {
      titles.push(result.feed.entries[i].title;
  }
  

  ... versus...

  titles = jpath(result, '//title');
  

  If, further, you wanted the list of all categories at one shot, you could use:

  jpath(result, "//categories/*")
  

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